Egnancies: cellular localization, protein expression, and regulation.. American Journal of Methyl linolenate web Physiology – Regulatory Integrative & Comparative Physiology 287: R886893. 23. Quenby S, Mountfield S, Cartwright JE, Whitley GS, Vince G Effects of low-molecular-weight and unfractionated heparin on trophoblast function. Obstet Gynecol 104: 354361. 24. Hirsh J, Warkentin TE, Shaughnessy SG, Anand SS, Halperin JL, et al. Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin: mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, dosing, monitoring, efficacy, and safety. Chest 119: buy UKI 1 64S-94S. 25. Dekker GA, Sibai BM Low-dose 
aspirin in the prevention of preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation: rationale, mechanisms, and clinical trials. Am J Obstet Gynecol 168: 214227. 26. Barbour LA, Smith JM, Marlar RA Heparin levels to guide thromboembolism prophylaxis during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 173: 18691873. 27. Kingdom JC, Kaufmann P Oxygen and placental villous development: origins of fetal hypoxia. Placenta 18: 613621; discussion 623616. 28. Soleymanlou N, Jurisica I, Nevo O, Ietta F, Zhang X, et al. Molecular evidence of placental hypoxia in preeclampsia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 42994308. 29. Pardi G, Cetin I, Marconi AM, Lanfranchi A, Bozzetti P, et al. Diagnostic value of blood sampling in fetuses with growth retardation. N Engl J Med 328: 692696. 30. Miller RK, Genbacev O, Turner MA, Aplin JD, Caniggia I, et al. Human placental explants in culture: approaches and assessments. Placenta 26: 439448. 31. Burton GJ, Charnock-Jones DS, Jauniaux E Working with oxygen and oxidative stress in vitro. Methods in Molecular Medicine 122: 413425. 32. Nelson DM, Smith SD, Furesz TC, Sadovsky Y, Ganapathy V, et al. Hypoxia reduces expression and function of 
system A amino acid transporters in cultured term human trophoblasts. American Journal of Physiology – Cell Physiology 284: C310315. 33. Shibata E, Hubel CA, Powers RW, von Versen-Hoeynck F, Gammill H, et al. Placental system A amino acid transport is reduced in pregnancies with small for gestational age infants but not in preeclampsia with SGA infants. Placenta 29: 879882. 34. Evans RW, Powers RW, Ness RB, Cropcho LJ, Daftary AR, et al. Maternal and fetal amino acid concentrations and fetal outcomes during preeclampsia. Reproduction 125: 785790. 35. Cetin I, Corbetta C, Sereni LP, Marconi AM, Bozzetti P, et al. Umbilical amino acid concentrations in normal and growth-retarded fetuses sampled in utero by cordocentesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 162: 253261. 36. Cetin I, Marconi AM, Bozzetti P, Sereni LP, Corbetta C, et al. Umbilical amino acid concentrations in appropriate and small for gestational age infants: a biochemical difference present in utero. Am J Obstet Gynecol 158: 120126. 37. Roberge S, Nicolaides KH, Demers S, Villa P, Bujold E Prevention of perinatal death and adverse perinatal outcome using low-dose aspirin: a metaanalysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 41: 491499. 38. Di Nisio M, Peters L, Middeldorp S Anticoagulants for the treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss in women without antiphospholipid syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD004734. 39. Acevedo CG, Rojas S, Bravo I L-arginine transport at the fetal side of human placenta: effect of aspirin in pregnancy. Experimental Physiology 84: 11271136. 40. Audette MC, Greenwood SL, Sibley CP, Jones CJ, Challis JR, et al. Dexamethasone stimulates placental system A transport and trophoblast differentiation in term villous explants. Placenta 31: 97105. 41. Karl PI, Alpy KL,.Egnancies: cellular localization, protein expression, and regulation.. American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory Integrative & Comparative Physiology 287: R886893. 23. Quenby S, Mountfield S, Cartwright JE, Whitley GS, Vince G Effects of low-molecular-weight and unfractionated heparin on trophoblast function. Obstet Gynecol 104: 354361. 24. Hirsh J, Warkentin TE, Shaughnessy SG, Anand SS, Halperin JL, et al. Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin: mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, dosing, monitoring, efficacy, and safety. Chest 119: 64S-94S. 25. Dekker GA, Sibai BM Low-dose aspirin in the prevention of preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation: rationale, mechanisms, and clinical trials. Am J Obstet Gynecol 168: 214227. 26. Barbour LA, Smith JM, Marlar RA Heparin levels to guide thromboembolism prophylaxis during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 173: 18691873. 27. Kingdom JC, Kaufmann P Oxygen and placental villous development: origins of fetal hypoxia. Placenta 18: 613621; discussion 623616. 28. Soleymanlou N, Jurisica I, Nevo O, Ietta F, Zhang X, et al. Molecular evidence of placental hypoxia in preeclampsia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 42994308. 29. Pardi G, Cetin I, Marconi AM, Lanfranchi A, Bozzetti P, et al. Diagnostic value of blood sampling in fetuses with growth retardation. N Engl J Med 328: 692696. 30. Miller RK, Genbacev O, Turner MA, Aplin JD, Caniggia I, et al. Human placental explants in culture: approaches and assessments. Placenta 26: 439448. 31. Burton GJ, Charnock-Jones DS, Jauniaux E Working with oxygen and oxidative stress in vitro. Methods in Molecular Medicine 122: 413425. 32. Nelson DM, Smith SD, Furesz TC, Sadovsky Y, Ganapathy V, et al. Hypoxia reduces expression and function of system A amino acid transporters in cultured term human trophoblasts. American Journal of Physiology – Cell Physiology 284: C310315. 33. Shibata E, Hubel CA, Powers RW, von Versen-Hoeynck F, Gammill H, et al. Placental system A amino acid transport is reduced in pregnancies with small for gestational age infants but not in preeclampsia with SGA infants. Placenta 29: 879882. 34. Evans RW, Powers RW, Ness RB, Cropcho LJ, Daftary AR, et al. Maternal and fetal amino acid concentrations and fetal outcomes during preeclampsia. Reproduction 125: 785790. 35. Cetin I, Corbetta C, Sereni LP, Marconi AM, Bozzetti P, et al. Umbilical amino acid concentrations in normal and growth-retarded fetuses sampled in utero by cordocentesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 162: 253261. 36. Cetin I, Marconi AM, Bozzetti P, Sereni LP, Corbetta C, et al. Umbilical amino acid concentrations in appropriate and small for gestational age infants: a biochemical difference present in utero. Am J Obstet Gynecol 158: 120126. 37. Roberge S, Nicolaides KH, Demers S, Villa P, Bujold E Prevention of perinatal death and adverse perinatal outcome using low-dose aspirin: a metaanalysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 41: 491499. 38. Di Nisio M, Peters L, Middeldorp S Anticoagulants for the treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss in women without antiphospholipid syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD004734. 39. Acevedo CG, Rojas S, Bravo I L-arginine transport at the fetal side of human placenta: effect of aspirin in pregnancy. Experimental Physiology 84: 11271136. 40. Audette MC, Greenwood SL, Sibley CP, Jones CJ, Challis JR, et al. Dexamethasone stimulates placental system A transport and trophoblast differentiation in term villous explants. Placenta 31: 97105. 41. Karl PI, Alpy KL,.