Utilized early inside the conference. On the other hand,exactly the same hashtag was being made use of coterminously by a Bible camp. Participants at the exoplanetsScientometrics :conference selforganised on Twitter and agreed to make use of the hashtag #pathwaysII as an alternative. This selforganising behaviour was observed on numerous occasions within this sample. (In one plaintive occurrence a nuclear physics conference was the source of two tweets in total,both from the very same physicist,who discussed with himherself an acceptable hashtag for the occasion. Nobody else tweeted in the conference,working with those or other hashtags). In some cases interference was observed between an agreed conference hashtag and its use by a wider community for other purposes. As an example,the hashtag selected to get a conference on supplies chemistry,#MC,is made use of by people considering a certain make of Maserati sports car. In such instances,irrelevant tweets had to be removed by hand ahead of further evaluation was undertaken.ResultsTwitter activity at conferencesOver the period July to October ,Twitter usage was captured in the initially identified conferences,and data was analysed from the conferences discussed in “Conferences integrated in the study” section. The conferences had been grouped into those classified as PACS or PACS (“AstroParticle”) and these in all other PACS classifications (“Other”): conferences have been classified as AstroParticle and as Other. As talked about above,an initial evaluation showed no correlation between number of conference participants and degree of Twitter activity. Use of a conference hashtag was recorded at of the conferences within the sample. Interestingly,the conferences that recorded zero Twitter activity were not proportionately distributed among the two groupings: only on the AstroParticle conferencesTable Data from tweeted conferences,grouped into these classified as PACSPACS (Astro Particle) and those in all other PACS classifications (other people) AstroParticle No. of conferences No. of conferences with tweets No. of conference tweets (incl. retweets) No. of conference tweets (excl. retweets) No. of tweeps No. of originating tweeps Total quantity of conference days Total quantity of conference delegates Tweeps as a of delegates Originating tweeps as a of delegates . . Other individuals (all) . . Others (most active) . .For the purposes of comparison,the final column includes information in the conferences in the Other people category that made by far the most tweets. (The term “tweep” refers to a Twitter user who either posted a tweet containing the conference hashtagkeyword or who retweeted such a tweet. The term “originating tweep” refers to a Twitter user who posted at the least 1 original message containing the hashtag,i.e. someone who posted something other than a retweet)Scientometrics :ML240 site registered zero Twitter activity whereas from the Other conferences created no use of Twitter. If these conferences form a representative sample then the measurement above is consistent with certainly one of the anecdotal observations that prompted this study: a delegate at an AstroParticle conference has only a PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19725720 chance of attending an event exhibiting zero Twitter activity whereas a delegate at Other conferences features a chance of attending an event in which Twitter is not utilised. In other words,a delegate at a nonAstroParticle conference is about four instances far more likely to be participating in an event with a zero level of Twitter activity than a delegate at an AstroParticle conference. As a way to discover conference Twitter use in much more de.