The application of hexane and acetone fractionated extracts of G. kraussiana may be promising in protecting of stored seeds against cowpea weevils. In truth, this botanical insecticide has larger biological activities than probably the most well-known botanical insecticide from Azadirachta indica against C. maculatus in treated cowpea. In light of the increasing challenge of insecticide resistance, there is certainly an urgent need to have for the improvement of biologically secure insecticide from G. kraussiana, specifically in low-income nation like Cameroon, where the plants are extensively offered. Because the use of any botanical with insecticidal activity is probably to involve some undesirable exposure of human and domestic animals to toxic substances, the possible toxicity to nontarget organisms of hexane and acetone extracts of G. kraussiana will need to be undertaken just before the adoption from the KDM3 list results of this study. Getting very toxic to insect pests, hexane or acetone extract of G. kraussiana may perhaps be7 advisable in the content material not exceeding 5-g/kg grains to minimize undesirable effects on human.AcknowledgmentsWe are thankful for the staff on the Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies of YaoundCameroon, Phytochemistry Laboratory, whose help produced this operate achievable.Author ContributionsThis operate was carried out in collaboration amongst all authors. Authors D.K. and E.N.N. made the study, wrote the protocol and performed the statistical evaluation. Authors D.K., G.A.A., A.T.T., J.P.A., J.A.G.Y. and T.K.K. managed the analyses on the study. Author D.K. wrote the initial draft of your αLβ2 web manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.References CitedAbass, A. B., G. Ndunguru, P. Mamiro, B. Alenkhe, N. Mlingi, and M. Bekunda. 2014. Post-harvest food losses inside a maize-based farming method of semi-arid savannah region of Tanzania. J. Stored Prod. Res. 57: 497. Abbott, W. S. 1925. A system of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Econ. Entomol. 18: 26567. Adeniyi, S. A., C. L. Orjiekwe, J. E. Ehiagbonare, and B. D. Arimah. 2010. Preliminary phytochemical evaluation and insecticidal activity of ethanolic extracts of four tropical plants (Vernonia amygdalina, Sida acuta, Ocimum gratissimum and Telfaria occidentalis) against beans weevil (Acanthscelides obtectus). Int. J. Phys. Sci. 5: 75362. Amusan, O. O., P. S. Dlamini, J. D. Msonthi, and L. P. Makhubu. 2002. Some herbal remedies from Manzini area of Swaziland. J. Ethnopharmacol. 79: 10912. Amusan, O. O. G., N. A. Sukati, P. S. Dlamini, and F. G. Sibandze. 2007. Some Swazi phytomedicines and their constituents. Afr. J. Biotech. six: 2672. Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos, B. J. Vayias, and C. P. Emmanouel. 2008. Influence of grain type on the susceptibility of different Sitophilus oryzae (L.) populations, obtained from different rearing media, to 3 diatomaceous earth formulations. J. Stored Prod. Res. 44: 39496. Bala, A. E. A., R. Delorme, A. Kollmann, L. Kerhoas, J. Einhorn, P. -H. Ducrot, and D. Aug 1999. Insecticidal activity of daphnane diterpenes from Lasiosiphon kraussianus (Meisn) (Thymelaeaceae) roots. Pest. Sci. 55: 74550. Bhandurge, P., N. Rajarajeshwari, S. Ganapatya, and S. Pattanshetti. 2013. The Gnidia genus: a overview. Asian J. Biomed. Pharm. 3: 11. Bisseleua, B. D. H., D. Obeng-Ofori, and W. S. K. Gbewonyo. 2008. Bioactivities of crude extracts of the candlewood Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides Lam. (Rutaceae) against the cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus.