efore, the snail shell ash can play a vital part in removing heavy metals from aqueous media. Moisture within a sample is an indication of how long that sample could be stored. The percentage of moisture attained was rather low for all meat samples and was four.88.1 . This means that dried snail meat, when well packaged, can be kept to get a important period. The energy values obtained have been high for each of the meat samples and they didn’t differ significantly from each and every other. The greater power worth suggests that snail meat can supply substantial calories in human nutrition. Engmann et al. (2013) reported an energy value of 1613 KJ/100 g for any. achatina meat. The studies showed that all the minerals analysed had been identified within the meat in the 3 snail species in various amounts, whereas few weren’t detectable within the shell samples. Typically, meats are low in Ca content material (from 9 to 11 mg/100g) although the body promptly absorbs it (Muller 1988). This isn’t the case with snail flesh, since the final results revealed that calcium was probably the most plentiful mineral in all of the snail species studied. Ca content material, the major element, was in the variety of 402.29 5.18 to 701.79 four.32 mg/100 g. The P, K, Mg and Na contents were within the variety of 61.29 11.34 to 268.53 5.34, 111.02 0.three to 114.65 0.44, 301.2 0.33 to 308.7 0.42 and 67.64 0.19 to 58.09 0.12 mg/100 g, Bcl-xL Inhibitor supplier respectively, inside the snail meat. Mn content material ofFigure 2. The distribution pattern of proximate and nutrient elements in the (a) meat and (b) shell of A. achatina, A. marginata in addition to a. fulica species by utilizing PCA.M.A. Nkansah et al.Heliyon 7 (2021) eTable 5. Estimated everyday intakes and hazard evaluation of trace elements in the intake of edible land snails.Snail species EDI Zn A. marginata A. achatina A. fulica Hazard index 2.06E-06 1.54E-06 1.42E-06 Fe 1.54E-06 1.41E-06 six.51E-06 Mn 1.78E-07 4.16E-08 three.15E-07 Cu 2.4E-07 1.78E-07 9.36E-07 THQ Zn six.85E-06 5.12E-06 4.73E-06 Fe 2.21E-06 2.01E-06 9.3E-06 Mn 1.27E-05 two.97E-06 two.25E-05 Cu five.99E-06 four.46E-06 two.34E-06 2.78E-05 1.46E-05 three.89E-05 eight.12E-05 TTHQA. achatina, A. marginata along with a. fulica meat was much less than 2 mg/100 g. The Zn and Fe contents within this study have been larger compared with H. pomatia (1.35 and 1.71 mg/100 g, respectively). The larger content of Ca compared with all the minerals was comparable with other studies. Ademolu et al. (2004) found that A. fulica had a larger content material of Ca (780 mg/100 g) and Ozogul et al. (2005) also observed a higher content material of Ca (750 mg/100 g) in H. pomatia from Cukurova area, Turkey. Moreover, Engmann et al. (2013) obtained 585.8 mg/100g of Ca in dried A. achatina (meat), ERK2 Activator manufacturer whiles Watson (1971) also reported values of 65000 mg/100g which have been all constant using the values obtained in this study. The elevated Ca level inside the snail flesh might be attributed towards the salt remedy from the snails, which can be usually applied to remove the shells with the snails (Ozogul et al., 2005). The mineral contents of snail meat is usually influenced by various factors, like biological cycle, season, species, environment and nutrient availability (Ozogul et al., 2005). Compared with other animal solutions, such as milk, eggs, liver and beef, whose calcium content is 120, 54, 6 and 7 mg/100 g, respectively, confirmed the richness of Ca in snail meat (Fox and Cameron 1977). Therefore, it can be highly recommended that infants be fed on diets blended with powdered snail meat since the development of bones and teeth through infancy and childhood demands a higher quantity of c